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SOME TYPICAL EARTHQUAKES OF NORTH AND WEST UTTAR PRADESH

A. N. TANDON

Paper No.: 153

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Vol.: 12

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No.: 2

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June, 1975

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pp. 74-88

Abstract

 

Most of the destructive earthquakes in Uttar Pardesh occur in the hilly region around Lat. 300N, and Long. 800 E and are in all probability associated with the thrusts in the middle Himalayas. As a matter of fact a number of shocks exceeding magnitude 5 originate front this region every year and are responsible for its high seismicity. The areas of West Uttar Pradesh located south of the Himalayas are comparatively less seismic but earthquakes of moderate intensity have been reported from the region during recent times These are associated with the Moradabad fault and other unknown faults in the basement rocks below the alluvium. In adJition to these strong earthquakes originating in the Western Himaiayas, dee;> focus earthquakes from the Hindukush are often felt over the region but seldom cause any significant damage to structures. Table 1 gives a list of important earthquakes which affected the region du ‘ing the past. Data on these earthquakes upto the year 1869 has been taken from T. Oldham’s (1883) Catalogue of Indian earthquakes. For the remaining shocks the chief sources of information have been, “The Seismicity of the Earth” by Gutenberg and Richter (1954) The International Seismological Summary, B. C. I. S. (Strasbourg), The Seismological Bulletin of the International Seismological Institute, Edinborough. The epicentre cards issued by U. S. C. G. S. and the Monthly Seismological Bulletin of the India Meteorological Department. The data provided by the table, though useful in many ways, is not sufficient for undertaking a detailed study of the seismicity of the region. It is not possible to correlate this data with any degree of certainty with known tectonic features of the region as some important parameters like the depth offocii and fault plane solutions for most of the earthquakes are not available. Even the location of epicenters lacks the precision required for detailed seismicity studies. In order to help such studies a detailed study of three typical earthquakes which aff.,cted the region during recent times has been undertaken in this paper. All the three earthquakes occured along different fault systems and their study is expected to throw light on the chief characteristics of the faults responsible for their occurrence. These shocks are 1. The Bulandshahar Earthquake of 10th October, 1956 . 2. The Kapkote Earthquake of 28th December, 1958. 3. The Moradabad Earthquake of 15th August, 1966.
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